IMPACT OF MIGRATION ON WOMEN AND CHILDREN

Abstract

This paper provides a thematic discourse on the impact of migration on women and children. The study aims to contribute to deepening the understanding of migration as a gendered phenomenon and its impact on women and children and human rights in general. Women comprise slightly less than half of the international migrant population. While women and men decide to migrate for similar reasons, gender-specific social and cultural norms also play decisive roles in the migration process and therefore, affect the experience of migrant women and children. Furthermore, the paper juxtaposes that a greater understanding of migration as a gendered phenomenon can enable States to better protect migrant women and children from gender based discrimination, abuse and violations at all stages of migration, and fulfill their human rights. The study focuses on the impact of migration on women and children, especially girls, given that they are uniquely and disproportionately affected by gender-based discrimination, abuse and violence. The paper concludes by submitting that migrant women, who comprise half of the total migrant population in the world, provide important social and economic contributions to their countries of origin and destination. For many women and children, migration provides opportunities for their economic and social development. Indeed, migration experiences can contribute to the empowerment of women and children by increasing their self-confidence, autonomy and control over their lives. Finally, the paper notes, their exposure to different gender norms may contribute to the achievement of gender equality in their societies of origin.