EVALUATION OF THE ABATEMENT AND CONTROL MECHANISMS OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND HEALTH HAZARDS IN THE MINING INDUSTRY IN NIGERIA

Abstract

The earth is naturally endowed with various mineral resources providing huge economic benefit to human beings;both mine owners and the government. For instance, grant of applications for license to mine and payment ofroyalties are ways of generating revenue by the government, while the masses are employed and paid to work atthe mines as the mine owners generate income and make profits. Nevertheless, the process of extracting theseminerals from their ores (naturally occurring state) triggers a chain of events which are hazardous to both theaquatic and terrestrial habitats, affects the ecological life, air quality, soil nutrient, Land mass etc, as well ashuman health (life in extreme cases). This underscores the importance of establishing appropriate measures toregulate this activity. Therefore, this paper seeks to evaluate the various proactive measures for controlling andabating the hazardous effect of mining activities on the Environment and Human health. The findings made areto the effect that adequate Environmental Impact Assessment must be made and submitted for vetting accordingto the legal provisions, before commencing any mining operation to minimize these undesired effects. However,the implementation of the process is another kettle of fish. Being that some damage to the environment is inevitablethe mine owners should have commensurate compensation plans for the affected individuals or communities.