National Integration: Analysing the Dynamics of Code Switching and Mixing among Nigerian Artists

Abstract

This paper discusses the role of language in national integration. Beyond the communicative use of a language lies its use as a unifying or divisive tool especially in multilingual nations like Nigeria. Using a descriptive approach, we examine the linguistic status of Nigeria with emphasis on its diversity and how this diversity can be harnessed for national integration through Nigerian songs. To achieve this, we discuss the language practice of code switching and code mixing in five selected Nigerian songs. It is observed that although the practice of code switching and code mixing by most Nigerian artistes may not be primarily motivated by the need for national integration, the aftermath of this practice fosters and enhances national integration. These five selected songs with evidence of code switching and mixing are not limited to any group of audience but are embraced by all ethnic groups in Nigeria. Most times, the Nigerian audience consciously or unconsciously rote learn the lyrics of these songs not minding the language barrier. Seeing that the practice of code switching and code mixing is appealing to the sensibilities of the Nigerian audience, more Nigerian artists are willing to forge partnership with artistes from other ethnic divides. Nigerian artists have inspired and displayed positive attitudes towards variety in speech and language in the midst of diversity. As El-Saghir (2010) puts it, they have come out of their language codes to a neutral ground which speaks expressly of language in diversity. We opine that although code mixing is a common linguistic tool used by most people in their daily affairs, its use in Nigerian songs can promote unity and engender in the minds of listeners, interest in a language other than theirs and therefore, should be encouraged. It also promotes an inclusive culture where both the majority and minority languages are represented in the Nigerian music industry.