MANAGING HERDERS AND FARMERS CONFLICT IN NIGERIA: POLICIES, LEGISLATIONS AND CONVENTIONS

Abstract

This research explored the current Herders and Farmers conflict dynamics, the various actors, causes and its gender dimensions, as well as the effectiveness of conflict mitigation mechanisms used to date. The study adopted a qualitative data collection process using focus group discussions (FGDs) and key informant interviews (KIIs). Five states - Benue, Kaduna, Katsina, Zamfara and Nasarawa - that are among those adversely affected by the conflict were selected as case studies. In all, 48 FGD sessions and 46 KII interviews conducted to generate the data, and content analysis was applied to discuss the key findings from the study. It was realized that the major triggers of the conflict include biased responses of security agencies, corrupt disposition of traditional rulers, use of drugs and hard substances, existing ethnic/communal divides and mistrust, negative interpretation of religious differences and the proliferation of small arms and light weapons. The study concluded that in order to effectively tackle the conflict, the Nigerian Government has to demonstrate the political will and put in place measures to resolve the conflict in a mutually satisfactory way. The study recommends that Government should adopt a community-based approach that involves direct dialogue with the two parties and provide a proper platform for farmers and herders to interact frequently without bias or favor.