THE CRIME OF RAPE: CONCEPTUAL MODELS, MYTHS AND PLIGHTS OF SECONDARY VICTIMS IN NIGERIA

Abstract

This review paper, anchored on social learning and social control theories set out to address three key issues pertinent to rape in Nigeria. First, the paper examined the broadening conceptual approaches to the crime of rape especially in contemporary times, which is now quite distinct from the former narrow definition as crime committed solely by men against women. To enhance further appreciation of the latest conceptual standpoint to rape, the myths surrounding it were also reviewed. In the process, correct positions or facts as applicable to rape were emphasized with a view to reduce false impressions or biases held by the public about rape both in Nigeria and elsewhere. The second thrust of the paper revolves around the worrisome prevalence of rape in Nigeria, its major forms and submissions on why men perpetrate the act of rape. Some of the reasons adduced in literature include rejection by women, rape as revenge mission, outburst of male chauvinism and psychological problems among others. The third and indeed very crucial commitment of the paper centered on the subject of secondary victims of rape and the neglect or plight they encounter in the Nigerian setting. Studies reviewed revealed that like primary victims, secondary victims also encounter traumatization and could indeed experience post traumatic stress syndrome (PTSD). This is in addition to stigmatization, loss of time and resources in attendance to self and the primary victim; as well as weak legal frameworks for protection of secondary victims of rape in Nigeria. It was recommended among others that public enlightenment and informal support groups should be instituted and strengthened to assist both primary and secondary victims of rape in Nigeria.