THE PARADIGM SHIFT IN THE HANDLING OF CUSTOMARY LAW CASES IN NIGERIA THROUGH ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI)

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and customary law in Nigeria represent an intersection of technology and traditional legal systems. Customary law in Nigeria refers to the indigenous legal practices and norms that have been historically adhered to by various ethnic groups. These laws1 play a crucial role in the social and legal landscape of the country. Artificial Intelligence (AI), with its capacity for data analysis, pattern recognition, and automation, holds the potential to significantly impact customary law in several ways. For instance, AI can be used to document and codify customary laws that are typically oral or fragmented. This process of digitization could help preserve this law and makes it more accessible for legal practitioners, policymakers, and the general public. Furthermore, AI could assist in resolving disputes by providing insights and recommendations based on historical cases and customary practices. The integration of AI with customary law also poses some challenges. The complexity and diversity of customary laws across Nigeria mean that AI systems must be carefully designed to accommodate various practices and avoid oversimplification. There is also the risk of marginalizing traditional legal authorities and undermining the community-based nature of customary dispute resolution. While AI has the potential to enhance the documentation and application of customary law in Nigeria, it must be implemented with sensitivity to the nuances of traditional practices and respect for the communities that uphold them. This paper looks at the concepts of Artificial Intelligence (AI) as well as the overview and challenges of current legal landscape of customary law in Nigeria, the historical background of the emergence of AI in customary law in Nigeria, the importance and benefits of integrating AI and customary law and challenges posed by the integration. The current and future outlooks were equally examined.