Restorative Justice Practices in the Nigerian Criminal Justice System: Opportunities and Challenges

Abstract

Nigeria's criminal justice system is predominantly founded on retributive principles that emphasize punishment of offenders. However, there is growing recognition of the need to complement this approach with restorative justice practices that aim to repair harm, encourage offender accountability, and empower communities in the resolution of crime. This paper examines opportunities to integrate restorative programmes and philosophies within Nigeria's existing frameworks. It explores entry points such as police diversion, sentencing circles and correctional rehabilitation models. Major challenges to implementation including lack of resources, overburdened courts, cultural mindsets and inadequate social support systems are also analyzed. The paper argues for a balanced reform approach starting with pilot programmes, skills development, legislation and collaboration across sectors. With sustained efforts to address obstacles, Nigeria shows potential to optimize its system by blending retributive and restorative models customized to its diversity.